與貿易有關之智慧財產權協定  

第二篇 

第七節  未經公開資料之保護

第三十九條

1. 為依巴黎公約（1967）第十條之二，提供有效保護以防止不公平競爭，會員 應就符合下列第二項所規定之未公開資訊，及依第三項規定所提交政府或 政府相關機構之資料，予以保護。

2. 自然人及法人對合法處於其控制下之資訊應有可能防止他人未經同意而以 違背誠實商業行為的方式(註)，揭露、取得或使用，但該資料須：

(a)具有秘密性質，且不論由就其整體或細節之配置及成分之組合視之，該 項資料目前仍不為一般處理同類資訊之人所得知悉或取得者； 

(b)因其秘密性而具有商業價值；且

(c)合法控制該資訊之人已依情況採取合理步驟， 以保持其祕密性。

3. 會員為核准新化學原料之醫藥品或農藥品上市，而要求提供業經相當努力 完成且尚未公布之測試或其他相關資料，應防止該項資料被不公平的使用 於商業之上。此外，除基於保護公眾之必要，或已採取措施以確實防止該 項資料被不公平商業使用外，會員應保護該項資料以防止洩露。

*註：本條所稱「有違商業誠信方法」，至少包含下列行為：違約、背信及誘引違約或背信，亦包括使 第三人得到未公開之資訊而該第三人知悉或因重大過失而不知其行為在於取得該資訊。

Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights  (TRIPS）

PART II STANDARDS CONCERNING THE AVAILABILITY, SCOPE AND USE OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS 

SECTION 7: PROTECTION OF UNDISCLOSED INFORMATION 

Article 39

1. In the course of ensuring effective protection against unfair competition as provided in Article 10bis of the Paris Convention (1967), Members shall protect undisclosed information in accordance with paragraph 2 and data submitted to governments or governmental agencies in accordance with paragraph 3.

2. Natural and legal persons shall have the possibility of preventing information lawfully within their control from being disclosed to, acquired by, or used by others without their consent in a manner contrary to honest commercial practices* so long as such information:

(a) is secret in the sense that it is not, as a body or in the precise configuration and assembly of its components, generally known among or readily accessible to persons within the circles that normally deal with the kind of information in question;

(b) has commercial value because it is secret; and

(c) has been subject to reasonable steps under the circumstances, by the person lawfully in control of the information, to keep it secret.

3. Members, when requiring, as a condition of approving the marketing of pharmaceutical or of agricultural chemical products which utilize new chemical entities, the submission of undisclosed test or other data, the origination of which involves a considerable effort, shall protect such data against unfair commercial use. In addition, Members shall protect such data against disclosure, except where necessary to protect the public, or unless steps are taken to ensure that the data are protected against unfair commercial use.

*For the purpose of this provision, "a manner contrary to honest commercial practices" shall mean at least practices such as breach of contract, breach of confidence and inducement to breach, and includes the acquisition of undisclosed information by third parties who knew, or were grossly negligent in failing to know, that such practices were involved in the acquisition.

• 發布日期 : 106-10-25
• 更新日期 : 110-05-21
• 發布單位 : 國際及法律事務室
• 瀏覽人次 : 1306